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Bürglen, Thurgau
Bürglen is a municipality in the district of Weinfelden in the canton of Thurgau in Switzerland.
==History==
Bürglen is first mentioned in 1282-84 as ''Burgelon''.〔 A Freiherr of Bürglen is first mentioned in 1176. By 1350, the land around the village had all been brought under a single noble and became the ''Herrschaft'' of Bürglen. Then, in 1408, the ''Herrschaft'' was acquired by the Lords of Klingenberg. The land transferred in 1443 to Marquart Brisacher from Constance and then in 1447, it went to the Baron of Sax-Hohensax. That family had owned in property in Bürglen since 1360. By 1500 they had built it up to become the center of their power. However, in 1550 they had to sell it to the Breitenlandenberg family, who, in turn, ceded it in 1579 to the city of St. Gallen. The village was managed, until 1798, by a St. Gallen appointed Vogt. The ''Vogt'' ruled over the low court of Bürglen, Uerenbohl, Guntershausen (now Guntershausen bei Berg), Heldswil, Mettlen and Istighofen and parts of Hüttenschwil and Sulgen. In addition, after 1580 it included Mühlebach (now Mühlebach bei Amriswil), followed in 1647 by Bleiken, in 1664, Hessenreuti and finally in 1665, Amriswil.〔
Even though the village was fortified around 1300, it was never considered a city. This was due to the decline of the Baron and competition from other neighboring villages. After the disastrous fire in 1528, the villagers went into debt to the ''Herrschaft'' for the reconstruction of the village. To help pay off the debt, in 1540 they granted the ''Herrschaft'' rights to the common land. Under St. Gallen, the village lost most of their autonomy. St. Gallen appointed the ''Ammann'' and the chairman of the Lower Court, promoted the settlement of its citizens to form a local elite, and changed the succession order in inheritances. However, the local farmers enjoyed a certain independence, and in the 17th Century they promoted the expansion of the castle as well as the creation of new businesses. This relative prosperity was followed in the 18th Century, by a government practice that hindered the formation of viable village government and led to general impoverishment.〔
The village belonged to the parish of Sulgen. By 1274, a village priest was mentioned and in 1346 the castle chapel was finished. The St. Leonhard chapel was first mentioned in 1504, but is of an earlier origin. The ''Hell'' Chapel was first mentioned in 1585 and burned down in 1695. Presumably both chapels were in use until the late 17th Century. After the Protestant Reformation of 1529 the court returned to the Catholic faith, while the village remained Reformed. After St. Gallen acquired the rights to appoint a priest and collect tithes in 1585 from the Convent of St. Pelagius in Bischofszell, the village church was supported by Sulgen's church. This changed in 1617 when Neukirch an der Thur began providing a priest, and then in 1676, the priest was appointed by the castle. In 1809 an independent Reformed parish of Bürglen-Andwil was formed.
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